![]() Notes in the bass clef are most often played with a pianist’s left hand. The bass clef is most often used by instruments like the cello, double bass, bassoon, trombone and tuba. The fourth line of the staff passes between the two dots, indicating the F below middle C, or F3. Pianists most often use their right hands to play notes on the treble clef. The treble clef is most often used by instruments like the violin, flute, clarinet, saxophone, trumpet and French horn. The note that sits on the second line of the staff in treble clef is the G above middle C, or G4. The treble clef is also known as the G-clef because the second line of the staff passes through the curl of the clef. (The plural for staff is staves.)Ī clef is a type of symbol that indicates the musical pitch of written notes. The clef determines which musical pitch corresponds to a particular line or space. The five lines and four spaces correspond to musical pitches. In this situation, the end of the staff or system would be open with no barline and a double bar should be placed before the courtesy time signature at the end of the staff or system.The staff is the foundation of music notation. This notation is always placed after the last barline on a staff when a new time signature begins on the following staff. In this situation, the end of the staff or system would be open with no barline and a double bar should be placed before the courtesy key signature at the end of the staff or system.Ī musical notation provided by the composer (or editor) to warn the performer that the time signature will be changing on the This notation is always placed after the last barline on a staff when a new key signature begins immediately on the following staff. This notation is always placed before the last barline on a staff where the new clef begins immediately on the next staff.Ī musical notation provided by the composer (or editor) to warn the performer that the key signature will be changing on the Courtesy accidentals appear in front of notes that are reverting back to their original pitch from an accidental in a previous measure and are often enclosed in parentheses marks.Ī musical notation provided by the composer (or editor) to warn the performer that the clef will be changing on the The courtesy clef is always placed before the last barline of the staff. ![]() Clefs, key signature and time signature changes will be shown in a specific order and are placed after the last barline of the staff. Many courtesy signs will appear at the end of a measure or staff to make the performer aware of changes to the next measure or staff, however, courtesy accidentals are shown at any point in a composition where a note has been changed. Their name is appropriate, because they are provided as a courtesy for the performer. Courtesy Signs are often provided so the performer can keep up with quick changes in the composition or be reminded of the current clef, key or time signatures in new staves or page turns. This notation will indicate to the performer that there will be a change in one or more aspects of the composition or that a temporary change that has taken place is no longer in effect.Ĭourtesy Signs can show changes in the clef, the key signature, the time signature, or accidentals. When referring to lines and spaces above or below the staff, count from the first space above (or below) the staff or the first line above (or below) the staff.Ī musical notation provided by the composer (or editor) to make it easier for the performer to read and interpret complex or often confusing music notation. The numbers start from the bottom for both lines and spaces. ![]() When discussing the staff, numbers are used to identify the lines and spaces. The staff has several components that are commonly found in every composition. The parts are dependent because both treble clef and bass clef staves are necessary to perform the music on the piano. In the example below, the piano parts are connected with a brace or curved bracket, to create the visual grouping of the piano parts. The brace typically groups dependent parts to form a system. They are independent because each of the voices only needs their part to perform the music. In the example below, the voice parts ( soprano, alto, tenor, and bass) are connected with the bracket to create visual grouping of the voice parts. The bracket typically groups independent parts to form a system. More than one staff can be grouped with a bracket or a brace to create a system. Note symbols, dynamics, and other performance directions are placed within above and below the staff. The staff is used to clearly communicate musical notation. The staff (or stave) is a set of five, equidistant, horizontal lines joined together by barlines.
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